Physics
The syllabus contains two sections – A and B Section – A pertains to the theory
part having 80% weightage. While section – B contains Practical Component (Experimental
skills) having 20% weightage.
SECTION – A UNIT 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT
Physics technology and society, SI units, Fundamental and derived units, least count,
accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, Errors in measurement, Dimensions
of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its application
UNIT 2: KINEMATICS
Frame of reference, Motion in a straight line: position- time graph, speed and instantaneous
velocity uniformly accelerated motion, velocity – time, position time graph, relations
for uniformly accelerated motion, scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and subtraction,
Zero vector, Scalar and Vector products, Unit vector, resolution of a Vector, Relative
Velocity Motions in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion
UNIT 3: LAWS OF MOTION
Force and inertia, Newton’s First Law of Motion: Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of
motion, Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium
of concurrent forces. Statics and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction
Dynamic of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force and its applications.
UNIT 4: WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
Centre of mass of a two- particle system, centre of mass of a rigid body: Basic
concepts of rotational motion: moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation
of angular momentum and its applications: moment of inertia, radius of gyration
values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical
Objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem and their applications, Rigid body
rotation, equations of rotational motion.
UNIT 6: GRAVITATION
The universal law of gravitation, Acceleration due to gravity and its variation
with altitude and depth, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, Gravitational potential
energy, , Gravitational potential, Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite,
Geo- stationary satellites
UNIT 7: PROPERTIES OF SOLID AND LIQUIDS
Elastic behavior, Stress strain relationship, Hooke’s law Young’s modulus bulk modulus,
modulus of rigidity, Pressure due to a fluid column, Pascal’s law and its applications,
Viscosity Stokes law terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds
number, Bernoulli’s principle and its applications, Surface energy and surface tensions,
angle of contact, application of surface tension – drops, bubbles and capillary
rise, heat temperature thermal expansions specific heat capacity, calorimetric:
change of state latent heat, Heat transfer conduction convection and radiation,
Newton’s law of cooling
UNIT 8: THERMODYNAMICS
Thermal equilibrium zeroth law of thermodynamics, concepts of temperature, Heat
work and internal energy, First law of thermodynamics, Second law of thermodynamics
reversible and irreversible processes, Cannot engine and its efficiency
UNIT 9: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, kinetic theory
of gases assumptions, concept of pressure, kinetic energy and temperature, rms speed
of gas molecules, Degree of freedom Law of equipartition of energy, applications
to specific heat capacities of gases, Mean free path Avogadro’s number.
UNIT 10: OSCILATIONS AND WAVES
Periodic motion – period frequency displacement as a function of time, periodic
function, Simple harmonic motion (S. H. M.) and its equation: phase oscillations
of a spring restoring force and force constant energy in S.H.M. kinetic and potential
energies: simple pendulum, derivation of expression for its time period: Free, forced
and damped oscillations, resonance.
Wave motion, longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a wave, and displacement
relation for a progressive wave, principle of superposition of waves, reflection
of waves, Standing waves in string and organ pipes
UNIT 11 ELETROSTATICS
Electric charges, conservation of charges, Coulomb’s law forces between two point
charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous
charge distribution.
Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, Electric
dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric
field
Electric flux, Gauss’s law and its applications to find field due to infinitely
long uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical
shell, Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole
and system of charges, Equi-potential surface Electrical potential energy of a system
of charges: equipotential surface, Electrical potential energy of a system of two
point charges in an electrostatic field
Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitor, combination
of capacitors in series and in parallel capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
with and without dielectric medium between the plates, Energy stored in a capacitor
UNIT 12: CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Electric current, Drift velocity, ohm’s law, Electrical resistance, Resistance of
different materials, V- I Fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler Effect
in sound
Characteristics of Ohmic and nonohmic conductors, Electrical energy and power, Electrical
resistivity, Color code for resisters: Series and parallel combinations of resisters:
Temperature dependence of resistance.
Electric Cell and its internal resistance, Potential difference and emf of a cell,
combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchoff’s laws and their applications,
Wheatstone bridge, Meter bridge, Potentiometer – principle and its applications
Magnetic susceptibility and permeability, Hysteresis, Electromagnets and permanent
magnets
UNIT 13: MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM
Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop, Ampere’s
law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid,
Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Cyclotron Force
on a current carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel
current carrying conductors definitions of ampere. Torque experienced by a current
loop in uniform magnetic field, Moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity
and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, bar magnet as
an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines: Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic
elements, Para – dia and ferro magnetic substance
UNIT 14: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS
Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law, induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy
currents, self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peaks and rms value
of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance:
Quality factor, power in AC circuits, wattles AC generator and transformer
UNIT 15: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic
waves
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet,
X rays, gamma rays) application of e. m. waves.
UNIT 16: OPTICS
Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surface, mirror formula,
Total internal reflection and its applications, Deviation and Dispersion of light
by a prism, Lens Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses
in contact, Microscope and astronomical Telescope (reflecting and reflecting and
refracting) and their magnifying powers
Wave optics: wave front and Huygens principle Laws of reflection and refraction
using Huygens’s principle, Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression
for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction
due to a single slit, width of central maximum, Resolving power of microscope and
astronomical telescope, Polarization, plane polarized light and Polaroid’s.
UNIT 17: DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION
Dual nature of radiation, photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations,
Einstein’s photoelectric equation: particle nature of light, Matter waves – wave
nature of particle, de Broglie relation, Davisson- Germer experiment.
UNIT 18: ATOMS AND NUCLEI
Alpha-particle scattering experiment: Rutherford’s model of atom: Bohar model, energy
levels, hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes,
isobars: isotones, Radioactivity-Alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their
properties: radioactive decay law, Mass-energy relation, mass defect: binding energy
per nucleon and its variations with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion
UNIT 19: ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Semiconductors: semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse
bias: diode as a rectifier: I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and
Zener diode: Zener diode as a voltage regulator, Junction transistor, transistor
action, characteristics of a transistor: transistor as an amplifier (common emitter
configuration) and oscillator, Logic gates (OR, AND, NAND, and NOR), Transistor
as a switch
UNIT 20: COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere: Sky and space wave propagation.
Need for modulation, Amplitude and frequency modulation, Bandwidth of signals, Bandwidth
of transmission medium, basic elements of a Communication System (Block Diagram
only)
SECTION – B
UNIT 21: EXPERMENTAL SKILLS
Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities:
1. Venire calipers its use to measure internal and external diameter and depth of
a vessel
2. Screw gauge – its use to determine thickness diameter of thin sheet/wire
3. simple Pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between square of amplitude
and time.
4. Meter Scale-mass of a given object by principle of moments.
5. Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire.
6. Surface tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents.
7. Co- efficient of viscosity of a given viscus liquid by measuring terminal velocity
of a given spherical body.
8. plotting a cooling curve for the relationship between the temperature of a hot
body and time.
9. Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube.
10. Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures.
11. Resistivity of the material of a given wire using metre bridge.
12.Resistivity of the material of a given wire using metre bridge.
13. Potentiometre –
(i) Comparision of emf of two primary cells.
(ii) Determination of internal resistance of a cell.
14. Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method.
15. Focal length of:
(i) Convex mirror
(i) Convex mirror
(ii) Concave mirror and
(iii) Convex lens
Using parallax method
16. Plot of angle of derivation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.
17. Refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
18. Characteristic curves of a p –n junction diode in forward and reverse bias
19. Characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding reverse break down voltage.
20. Characteristic curves of a transistor and finding current gain and voltage gain.
21. Identification of diode LED transistor, IC, resistor, Capacitor from mixed collection
of such items.
(i)Identify base of transistor
(ii)Distinguish between npn and pnp type transistor
(iii)See the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and a LED
(iv)Check the correctness or otherwise of a given electronic component (diode, transistor
or IC)